開發環境
1.Eclipse 4.4.2
2.JDK 1.8
3.Eclipse plugin - m2e-wtp - Maven Integration for WTP 1.1.0
4.Eclipse plugin - Spring IDE 3.6.4
5.Eclipse plugin - JDT patch with JAVA8 1.0.0
6.Spring Framework 3.2.4
7.Tomcat 8.0
一. 下載Eclipse：
(1)在Win7-64bits要下載相對應的版本
(2)到本機解壓縮後，即可開啟C:\eclipse\eclipse.exe
(3)從 eclipse.ini 可設定開啟Eclipse使用的參數：-Xms256m表示最小以256MB開啟Eclipse，-Xmx512m表示Eclipse最大記憶體使用量512MB
二. 下載JDK：
三.下載Eclipse plugin：
(1) 選單 Eclipse> Market Place
安裝Maven插件
安裝Spring IDE插件
安裝支援JAVA8的JDT插件
四. 新增Spring專案
(1) 選單 File > New > Other
(2) 輸入Project name、選擇Templates
(3)最上層package name
(4)新增/MyMVC/src/main/java/com/mytest/mvc/HomeController.java
tips1 : 使用@Controller標註這個類別是controller。
tips2 : 在function上方使用@RequestMapping，value = "/"代表程式的啟始根目錄，在本範例中
的根目錄就在http://localhost:8080/mvc/，當request這個URL就會對應到home(..)這個
function。
tips3 : 可利用Model物件的addAttribute方法，把要傳遞的值formattedDate帶到jsp頁面呈現。
tips4 : return "home" 返回 home.jsp 這個頁面。
tips5 : 第二個@RequestMapping，value = "/hello"代表
request http://localhost:8080/mvc/hello 會對應到hello()這個function
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package com.mytest.mvc;
import java.text.DateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Locale;
import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller publicclass HomeController{ privatestaticfinal Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HomeController.class);
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String home(Locale locale, Model model) { logger.info("Welcome home! The client locale is {}.", locale); Date date = new Date(); DateFormat dateFormat = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.LONG, DateFormat.LONG, locale);
String formattedDate = dateFormat.format(date); logger.info(formattedDate); model.addAttribute("serverTime", formattedDate );
return"home"; }
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String hello(){ return"home"; } } |
(5)新增/MyMVC/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/home.jsp
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<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <%@ page session="false" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <title>Home</title> </head> <body> <h1> Hello world! </h1>
<P> The time on the server is ${serverTime}. </P> </body> </html> |
(6)修改/MyMVC/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- SpringMVC配置文件所需的xml namespace --> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置Controller要掃描的package路徑 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.mytest.mvc" />
<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory --> <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/" />
<!-- 配置view --> <bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <!-- 解析器解析/WEB-INF/views/路徑下，以.jsp結尾的視圖文件 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans> |
(7)修改/MyMVC/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
其中這段表示所有 url request 從根目錄開始有包含 "/" 者都要分配給controller。
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- Processes application requests --> <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet>
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
<!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value> </context-param>
<!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --> <!-- 配置上下文載入器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app> |
(8)修改/MyMVC/pom.xml
tips1 : 有關如何使用Maven的編譯設定檔pom.xml可以參考Spring官網。
tips2 : 在Spring官網有提到系統記錄 logging 請使用slf4j代替舊時的commons-logging。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.mytest</groupId> <artifactId>mvc</artifactId> <name>MyMVC</name> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <java-version>1.8</java-version> <org.springframework-version>3.2.4.RELEASE</org.springframework-version> <org.aspectj-version>1.8.5</org.aspectj-version> <org.slf4j-version>1.7.12</org.slf4j-version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- Spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> <exclusions> <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j --> <exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- AspectJ --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version> </dependency>
<!-- Logging --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.15</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency>
<!-- @Inject --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> <version>1</version> </dependency>
<!-- Servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.9</version> <configuration> <additionalProjectnatures> <projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature> </additionalProjectnatures> <additionalBuildcommands> <buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand> </additionalBuildcommands> <downloadSources>true</downloadSources> <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument> <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> <configuration> <mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> |
(9)使用maven編譯MyMVC project。點選 MyMVC > Maven > Update Project
執行時會根據pom.xml所設定dependency的groupId、artifactId、version到你本機的
這個路徑 C:\Users\Karen\.m2\repository 尋找相應的jar檔，找不到時，就會從
Maven Repository下載到本機。
、
五. 新增Tomcat Server
(1) File > New > Other
(2)選擇Tomcat 8.0
(3)選擇專案MyMVC
(4)開啟server.xml，新增一小段設定內容
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<Engine> …略… <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> …略… <!-- path為程式啟始路徑/mvc,目前根目錄路徑為http://localhost:8080/mvc --> <Context docBase="MyMVC" path="/mvc" reloadable="true" source="org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:MyMVC"/> </Host> </Engine> |
六. 啟動Tomcat及執行結果
(1)選擇 Window > Show View > Servers
啟動Tomcat
(2)http://localhost:8080/mvc/hello
(3)http://localhost:8080/mvc/
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